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IRAN ALSO CALLED PERSIA, AND OFFICIALLY THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IS A COUNTRY IN WESTERN ASIA. IT IS BORDERED TO THE NORTHWEST BY ARMENIA AND AZERBAIJAN, TO THE NORTH BY THE CASPIAN SEA, TO THE NORTHEAST BY TURKMENISTAN, TO THE EAST BY AFGHANISTAN, TO THE SOUTHEAST BY PAKISTAN, TO THE SOUTH BY THE PERSIAN GULF AND THE GULF OF OMAN, AND TO THE WEST BY TURKEY AND IRAQ. ITS CENTRAL LOCATION IN EURASIA AND PROXIMITY TO THE STRAIT OF HORMUZ GIVE IT SIGNIFICANT GEOSTRATEGIC IMPORTANCE. THE NORTHERN PART OF IRAN IS COVERED BY THE LUSH LOWLAND CASPIAN HYRCANIAN MIXED FORESTS, LOCATED NEAR THE SOUTHERN SHORES OF THE CASPIAN SEA.
THE EASTERN PART CONSISTS MOSTLY OF DESERT BASINS, SUCH AS THE KAVIR DESERT, WHICH IS THE COUNTRY’S LARGEST DESERT, AND THE LUT DESERT, AS WELL AS SOME SALT LAKES. TEHRAN IS THE CAPITAL AND LARGEST CITY, AS WELL AS THE LEADING ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL HUB, ALSO THE MOST POPULOUS CITY IN WESTERN ASIA. IRAN IS THE WORLD’S 17TH MOST POPULOUS COUNTRY. IT IS THE SECOND LARGEST COUNTRY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND THE 17TH LARGEST IN THE WORLD. THE CULTURE OF IRAN ALSO KNOWN AS CULTURE OF PERSIA, IS ONE OF THE MOST INFLUENTIAL CULTURES IN THE WORLD. ITS RICH HISTORY HAS HAD A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON THE WORLD THROUGH ART, ARCHITECTURE, POETRY, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEDICINE, PHILOSOPHY, AND ENGINEERING.
| CAPITAL | TEHRAN |
| OFFICIAL LANGUAGES | PERSIAN |
| POPULATION | 83,183,741 |
| DENSITY | 48/KM² |
| CURRENCY | RIAL (IRR) |
| CALLING CODE | +98 |
| DISTANCE FROM INDIA | 2826 KMS |
| FLIGHT TIME | 4H 50MIN |
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